Will the CNC machine tools which several parts, each part is what role?
From:Taian Haishu Machinery Co.,Ltd. Updatetime:2016-8-25 9:37:42 Views：
CNC machine tools, CNC machine components, the role of CNC machine tools
1. CNC machine tool CNC machine tools are generally composed by the input and output devices, numerical control device (CNC), the servo unit, drive means (or actuator), programmable logic controller (PLC) and electrical control equipment, auxiliary equipment, machine tool body and a measuring device composition.
(1) NC Machine Tool Plant input and output devices. CNC system is operating personnel and the exchange of information with the machine interactive device.
The input device is the role of the NC code programs on a carrier into a corresponding electrical pulse signal, pass into coexist within one numerical control device. At present, the input device of CNC machine tools with a keyboard, disk drives, optical readers, with its corresponding program support for disk, punched tape. Output device is a display, CRT monitors have two or color LCD. The role of output devices are: CNC system provides the necessary information to the operator via the display. The displayed information may be a program being edited, the coordinate values and alarm signals.
(2) the numerical control device (CNC devices). Is the core of computer numerical control system is composed of hardware and software of two parts. It receives the incoming pulse signal input means, signal through a logic circuit or software compiler system of the numerical control device, the arithmetic and logic processing, outputs various signals and commands, controls each part of the machine, so that the predetermined, there action sequence. These control signals are the most basic signal for each axis (ie, the executive member for feeding movement) feed rate, the feed direction and displacement amount command (to the servo drive system components for the implementation of feed movement), there spindle transmission, commutation and start and stop signals, and switching tool tool command signals to control the coolant, lubricating oil stops, loosen the control parts and machine parts, clamping control indexing table indexable auxiliary command signals.
Numerical control apparatus includes other components to contact the interface between a microprocessor (CPU), memory, local bus, and the peripheral logic circuit other CNC systems.
(3) a programmable logic controller (PLC). CNC machine tools by CNC and PLC control functions together to complete the relevant features of which, mainly to complete CNC and digital operation and management, such as editing, interpolation operation, a decoding tool moving parts program position servo control. The PLC mainly completes some action related to the logical operators, which received CNC control codes M (Accessibility), S (spindle speed), T (tool selection, tool change) and other switch operation information for the switch operation information decoded converted into corresponding control signals to control assistive devices to complete some assistance operation the machine switches corresponding action, such as the workpiece clamping, tool replacement, coolant switch. It also transfers the machine control panel instructions, on the one hand the direct control of the machine operation (such as manually operated machine), on the other hand will be a part of instruction sent to the numerical control device for controlling the machining process.
PLC in FANUC system, designed to control machine tools, referred to as PMC, called the programmable machine controller.
( "Servo unit The servo unit receives velocity and displacement instruction from the numerical control device. These instructions after servo unit conversion and amplified by the driving means into a machine feed movement speed, direction and displacement. Therefore, the servo unit is a numerical control device and the link between the body of the machine, it is the weak command signal from the numerical control device to control the amplification of high-power signal driving means servo unit into the spindle unit and feed unit, etc., the servo unit in terms of their open-loop pump system there EC, semi-closed loop system and a closed-loop system of points.
(5) driving means. The servo drive means via a command signal amplification unit into mechanical movement by a mechanical connection member drive machine table, so that precise positioning of the table by the track or be strictly defined relative motion, processed shape, size and accuracy to meet the requirements Components. The most commonly used drive with DC servo motor and AC servo motor, AC servo motor is gradually replacing the DC servo motor.
The servo drive unit and collectively known as the servo drive system, it is the power unit of the machine work, instructing a computer numerical control device implemented depends on the servo drive system, servo drive includes a spindle drive unit (main spindle speed control), into to the drive unit (main control feed rate and position of the system). Servo drive system is an important part of CNC machine tools. In a sense, the main function of CNC machine tool numerical control system depends, and depends mainly on the performance of CNC machine tools servo drive system.
(6) the machine body. That CNC machine tools mechanical parts, including the main moving parts, feed movement execution unit (table, carriage and transmission parts) and the support member (bed, column, etc.), but also has cooling, lubrication, and clip transposition tight unit and other auxiliary functions. CNC machining centers as well as the composition of the class of tool storage magazine, the tool exchange robot and other components, CNC machine tools, mechanical parts and general machine tools similar. Since the CNC machine tools high-speed, large amount of cutting and continuous processing of claims, the mechanical components of precision, rigidity, vibration resistance, etc. Ken face more demanding.
In addition, to ensure full functionality of CNC machine tools, and there are support systems, such as cooling systems, lubrication systems, hydraulic (or pneumatic) systems, chip systems, protection systems, etc.
